Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie :: Free Essay Writer

Tennessee William's The Glass Menagerie The truth is only a deception, but an industrious one. - Albert Einstein. The most significant subject in The Glass Menagerie is the trouble individuals have in tolerating and identifying with the real world. Because of their powerlessness to defeat this trouble, the characters pull back into a private universe of hallucination to discover the solace they can’t find, in actuality. Out of the three Wingfield relatives, Laura most likely is the one living uttermost away from the real world. There are a few images in the play that speak to that here and there. Her glass assortment that she cautiously deals with, is the conjured up universe she lives in to get away from the genuine live where she doesn’t finish secondary school, bombs composing class, and doesn’t have any â€Å"gentlemen callers† like her mom anticipates that her should. Another image for Laura’s character is â€Å"Blue Roses†, the epithet Jim gives her in secondary school. Blue roses are, albeit wonderful, not genuine and can’t be found in nature, what alludes to Laura’s uniqueness yet in addition to her own one of a kind, extraordinary excellence that lies past her distinction and powerlessness to live in actuality. By and large, Laura is a significant character, on the grounds that the entire story is fundamentally about her (Tom lets us know) an d she likewise is the person who is generally worried about the play’s subject of pulling back from the real world. From the outset sight Tom is by all accounts the just one in the Wingfield family who is equipped for working in reality, communicating with outsiders, and holding down a vocation to back his mom and sister. In any case, he likewise, pulls back into his figments to slip off the ceaseless clashes with his mom and his disappointment about his monotone, negligible life. During the play, Tom frequently specifies â€Å"the movies† he’s setting off to constantly, which speak to his endeavor to get away from this and to give him the fantasy of experience. The equivalent goes for the emergency exit to where Tom regularly pulls back at whatever point the â€Å"fire† of contention and contending with Amanda gets to hot. Tom's demeanor toward his sister confounds the peruser, since despite the fact that he plainly thinks about her, he is much of the time unconcerned and even unfeeling. Not once in the play does he carry on merciful or affectionately toward Laura, not in any event, when he thumps down her glass zoological garden. Laura on the opposite side is the main character who, regardless of the narrow-mindedness that describes the Wingfield family, never really hurt any other individual.

Coca

Coca-Cola: Diversity Essay Examination of an Organization: Traci Jancasz June 15, 2010 MGT 540: Diversity Professor Venecia Morris Graduate School of Management Table of Contents Introduction3 Racial Discrimination Issues3 â€Å"Quota Cola† Case3 Cincinnati Case4 Hawaii Case4 Coca-Cola Company Reaction to Lawsuits5 Analysis of Coca-Cola Diversity Initiatives8 Works Cited10 - Introduction In request for any association to prosper, there must be incorporation of social assorted variety all through. In saying that, the administration of decent variety in an association is an immediate impression of acknowledging, tolerating, and recognizing contrasts, regardless of whether it depends on race, ethnicity, age, and so on. The accompanying report will concentrate on the assorted variety issue of racial separation that the Coca Cola association has been managing for a lot of time. There will be proof examined of a few cases managing this issue for as far back as ten years. What's more, the investigation will go above and beyond by referencing the different projects that have been adjusted, so as to manage the decent variety issues, just as what the association should and should be possible to maintain a strategic distance from future issues. - Racial Discrimination Issues Although the Coca-Cola Company has had gained notoriety for its decent variety programs, there have been a few segregation bodies of evidence that have been documented against the association inside the most recent decade. Despite the fact that in a portion of the cases documented, the association is denying the charges, it despite everything must respond to the claims so as to conform to feelings from both interior and outside partners. In all the cases that will be referenced, the board is blamed for coming up short on, making threatening workplace, and general separation with respect to whistle blowing. â€Å"Quota Cola† Case The case delivered in 1999 and settled in 2000, set up for a lot of changes to be made in the Coca-Cola Company. Four dark, disappointed representatives recorded a racial segregation claim dependent on charges of Coca-Cola coming up short on them since they were dark and making an unfriendly workplace. This case wound up turning into a legal claim that was privately addressed any outstanding issues. All the more normally known as, â€Å"Quota Cola Case†, it opened the conduits for some more instances of racial segregation charges to be brought against Coca-Cola. The settlement for this case, with every one of extra charges totaled somewhat over $475 million, which secured all â€Å"salaried blacks utilized by the association in the U. S. rom April 22, 1995 to June 14, 2000. † The settlement and expenses incorporated the salaried representatives, yet in addition gifts to such associations as: NCAA (national exertion and Atlanta Coke Bottler), Minority Suppliers and Contractors, Coke benefits reserves, and other minority activism and non-benefits (Things Go Better with Quotas? Case 26: Quota Cola! , 2002). Despite the fact that there was a lot of changes that Coke experienced because of the past case, which will be examined later, there have been two different cases rotating around racial separation. The two cases are at present still on-going in the court framework. Cincinnati Case Another legal claim was documented in October of 2001 by a gathering of around 1,000 African-Americans that worked for the organization since 1995. The claims of the case blame Coke for â€Å"creating a threatening, scary, hostile and injurious work environment condition for its African-American representatives. † Claims expressed that chiefs permitted white workers to both genuinely and intellectually misuse minority representatives, minorities (counting Asians and Native Americans) were restrained more harshly than white workers, and were denied additional time and special chances. A representative for Coca-Cola offered a nonexclusive expression in light of the allegations, expressing that the association â€Å"does not endure separation of any kind† and that if there are any claims, it is paid attention to and managed rapidly. Then again, Kevin Johnson, African-American and previous HR supervisor (delegated after the main claim), had a few experiences into the association that was expressed in an update with respect to the assessment of race relations at the plant. He takes note of that there is a â€Å"very clear requirement for instruction in the territory of bigotry, assorted variety and key preparing for managers and key jobs in the association. † Additionally, Johnson clarified the laborers as being â€Å"tense† due to â€Å"disparate treatment† to minorities. The appointed authority that granted the case to turn into a legal claim educated the offended parties that they should look for fiscal pay independently (Lovel, 2003). Hawaii Case Most as of late, in mid 2009, two previous Coca-Cola workers recorded suit against the organization. Both of Asian heritage, the plaintiff’s asserted that they had been terminated for whistle-blowing on an official that was forcing representatives for positive audits, so as to get expanded rewards. Months after an objection was recorded with the organization’s hotline the two men were ended from their long-standing positions. There was an endeavor of their part to speak with the VP of HR, however their endeavors were not responded. Harrison Bergeron EssayRacial segregation is most normally thought of an unrivaled race ruling and in any event, keeping down the advancement of another race. In the business world, this is typically thought of as white administrators being in the predominant job and minorities (blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and so forth ) being the last mentioned. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, restricts separation in instruction, lodging, open facilities, and work. Since its beginning, associations have endeavored to locate the correct decent variety strategies that conform to guidelines, yet in addition merge with the organization culture/condition. There are different standards or approaches that authoritative pioneers have created and actualized that take into consideration associations to oversee assorted variety. In relationship to the cases, there are two such standards that ought to have been trailed by Coke. The first is the Discrimination-and-Fairness Paradigm, which â€Å"makes endeavors to select and, somewhat, to hold different workers, yet treats all individuals inside a given social segment class as the equivalent. There are issues that accompany following this worldview, which incorporate that the organization might not have a created procedure for assorted variety the board and it might leave minorities without a genuine voice in the organization. The eminent worldview is the Access-and Legitimacy Paradigm, which organizations â€Å"accept and commend contrasts so they can all the more likely serve their differing pool of customers† (Sondak, 2011). In perusing the cases and has responded, hitherto, apparen tly they have changed from using the Discrimination-and-Fairness Paradigm to the Access-and Legitimacy Paradigm. There is a likelihood that the association could have kept away from a large number of the separation claims by fortifying the strategies of the Access-and Legitimacy Paradigm. The organization was in incredible need of patching up their arrangements and systems in assorted variety and the â€Å"Quota Cola† suit made them take those intense activities. In spite of the fact that these progressions were vital for proceeded with achievement of the association, it is hard to laud the association for changes that they were constrained into. The cases all referenced that there were issues with management’s treatment towards minorities, I. e. ostile workplace. Despite the fact that the projects, strategies and panels are built up at the corporate level, the genuine decent variety issues are occurring in the plants. There is no notice in any of the writing examined that Coke does any catch up with their plant chiefs to assess the advancement of assorted variety activities. Also , since the main case had such a huge out of court settlement, this conceivably opened the conduits for other such cases to be documented. What is it Coke’s wellbeing over the long haul to not have their day in court? Some may state no. The progressions that Coke has made with respect to assorted variety in the working environment have been huge to the association. This is reflected in the numerous honors and acknowledgments the organization has gotten. So as to proceed with progress with assorted variety, it is significant that Coke is continually assessing corporate strategy, yet in addition that the strategies are being actualized fittingly. As recently expressed, the claims were all coming from issues with the executives from the plants. These supervisors are an immediate impression of the association and ought to have arbitrary assorted variety assessments all the time. This sort of step will just add to the as of now organization assorted variety methodology of being a model for all other top Fortune 500 organizations. - Works Cited Coca-Cola Staff. (2009). Open Issues And Divesity Review Committee Charter. Recovered June 15, 2010, from The Coca-Cola Company: www. thecoca-colacompany. com/speculators/administration/open. html F. Dobbin, A. K. (2007). Assorted variety Management in Corporate America. American Sociological Association , pp. 21-27. Johnston, L. (2006, August 25). Coca-Cola duplicates assorted variety endeavors. Recovered June 15, 2010, from Atlanta Business Chronicle: www. atlanta. bizjournals. com/atlanta/stories/2006/08/28/focus4. html? tt=printable Lovel, J. (2003, May 2). Race Discrimination Suit Targets Coke Bottler CCE. Recovered June 13, 2010, from Atlanta Business Chronicle: www. atlant. bizjournals. com/atlanta/stories/2003/05/05/story1. html Magin, J. (2009, February 20). Ex-Hawaii Workers Sue Coca-Cola for Discrimination. Recovered June 15, 2010, from Pacific Business News: www. atlantabizjournals. com/pacific/stories/2009/02/23/story5. tml Our Progress. (2009). Recovered June 15, 2010, from Coca-Cola: http://www. thecoc

How to Write an Expository Essay Topic

How to Write an Expository Essay TopicCollege students are very excited about human affair essay topics. It is a fantastic way to earn college credit, and it is something that will help you get noticed. If you are one of those young adults who are having difficulties getting their words out, then you may want to take a look at these tips on how to write an affair essay topic.Human affair essay topics are going to vary from each other based on the subject matter. You should be very clear on what your goals are when you write. The most important thing is to come up with a good thesis statement which will allow you to begin writing.You also want to make sure that you have an outline. That way, you can break your thoughts down into the proper sections and take a look at them later. You should come up with a general theme for your essay and also one that can serve as a starting point. This will save you a lot of trouble, time, and effort.Next, you should begin to think about the personal relationships between the people in your essay. Do they have a history together? What is the type of relationship that they have? When you start writing, you should begin to answer these questions, then move on to the specifics.Just because you are writing an essay to earn college credit does not mean that you are writing about cheating online or on campus. You need to understand that the essay is not meant to reveal anything that is embarrassing or shameful. These topics tend to be off-limits for essays, and students are usually very reluctant to write about something that is so close to the surface.Students often ask if there are any mistakes that will show up in the human affair essay topics that cannot be avoided. The answer is no. There are some who do not understand how to write an essay, but you do not need to worry about that.When you are writing about cheating online or on campus, you must be careful to avoid anything that will ruin your credibility or leave a bad impressio n with your audience. The one mistake that most students make is writing an essay that is not factual. This can lead to a strong negative opinion of the student, which will be much more difficult to recover from than one that is written well.Students who are writing essays about cheating online or on campus have a responsibility to their readers to deliver a thorough, well-researched report. Failing to provide all the facts can lead to a negative response. You may be surprised to find that some people may have been genuinely offended by your research, so it is important to be upfront about your methods and techniques.

How Does Management Impact Globalization - 894 Words

With the expanding world we live in globalization and international trade has become a key part of large business, corporations and organizations alike. But how does management impact globalization in business? There are a few key aspects to properly understanding what is needed when running a business abroad. Understanding cultural differences and behavioral changes internationally is the first step to succeeding abroad. Additionally, when any business goes abroad or widens their horizons, one must manage the â€Å"bottom line† financially properly or it could lead to ruin. And lastly, understanding that managerial styles change depending on the county one is in is a key factor in retaining good employees. In many ways, the amount the business will thrive becomes obvious if you observe how it and it s employees conduct themselves out of the â€Å"safe zone† of their home country. Having an understanding of behavioral and cultural differences will be the aspect that can either make or break a budding companies relationships abroad. Many times miscommunication is common and normal for businesses out of their element. It is not the occurrence of the miscommunication or misunderstandings that will break your chances with a potential client/ partner; it is how you react to these miscommunication. For example; Imagine yourself as a person raised in a country where optimism is expected in the work environment and everyone has a team attitude as well as rewards are given on a team basis.Show MoreRelatedGlobalization and Its Impact on International Business Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pages............3 What is Globalization....................................................4 The engines for Globalizations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Globalization’s impacts on international business†¦..7 The road ahead for international business†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Introduction Every day we hear it on the news, read it in the papers, overhear people talking about it†¦ and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a differentRead MoreManagement Of The Globalization Of Business1102 Words   |  5 PagesManagement in the Globalization of Business By Daryle Brown Over the past few decades, the information age has had a major impact on business – one of the biggest being globalization. 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Their sizeRead MoreGlobalization Of Business : Globalization1486 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization in Business: Globalization refers to the changes in the world where we are moving away from self-contained countries and toward a more integrated world. Globalization of business is the change in a business from a company associated with a single country to one that operates in multiple countries. Impact of Globalization: Market globalization is the decline in barriers to selling in countries other than the home country. This change will make it easier for your company to begin sellingRead MoreGlobalization Of Business : Globalization1486 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization in Business: Globalization refers to the changes in the world where we are moving away from self-contained countries and toward a more integrated world. Globalization of business is the change in a business from a company associated with a single country to one that operates in multiple countries. 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World Economy Changed - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1418 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Scenario of the world economy changed very rapidly after Second World War. In the post world war scene, United States of America emerged as a dominant economic power where as the United Kingdom and France lost their leading roles in economic activities. The pattern of economic growth also changed a lot in post war era. It was large corporations in USA, engaged in manufacturing activities, which contributed in generation of millions of stable jobs, especially in manufacturing space. These big corporations formed the center of fast and stable economic growth over the years. Economy of scale, division of labor, specialized jobs, and economic might of these corporations made these large establishments unbeatable for years. Rest of the world was just follower of this model of industrial growth of United States of America. In later half of the twentieth century Whole world seen the emergence and growth of these large industrial organizations. Few of these industrial est ablishments grew in size enormously and established their bases in multiple countries. (U.S. Department of State. 2009). This was a result of search for new markets and cheaper resources, so as to maximize the profits. These big corporations drove the American economy as well as world economy for whole later half of the twentieth century. But with the beginning of the twenty first century, scenario started changing and symptom also began to be visible for trouble for these large organizations. American corporations, which were mainly in the manufacturing domain, began to feel the heat of changing economic scenario in the wake of cheap labor availability in East Asian countries. (Ted Fishman. 2005). It also came to fore that owing to smaller size, newly emerging corporations of smaller size, worked with more dynamism and efficiency. Overheads of these smaller corporations were also less as compared to large organizations. Emergence of service sector as a full fleshed industry also co ntributed in changing service conditions, compensation methods and pension benefits. This led to changes in financial markets as well. All these factors led to a situation where established financial market, job market and investment and monetary scenario came under transition towards a new set up and became somewhat unstable in that process. Tremors of this instability are felt far and wide in every part of the world. Stock markets fell in almost every country amidst fear of mounting losses. Banks failed in many parts of the world resulting failure of insurance companies along with these. A scenario emerged in United States where industry shown a final decisive shift from manufacturing to services. It also established that era of stable long lasting jobs is over now. People have to cope up with fast changing service and retail industry, where average tenure for a job is comparatively less as compared to a manufacturing industry job. Size and dimensions of Global Financial Crisis were unprecedented and caused failure of many large establishments like banks, insurance companies, manufacturing establishments, severe crisis in stock markets and escalation in unemployment threatening instability to whole financial mechanism in few countries. Governments of few countries had to come out with huge financial assistance packages to finance markets so as to maintain stability and seize any industrial unrest as a result. Though it was a complex web of many factors which led to global financial crisis, but few important ones can be listed as following. Economy of United States of America shifted from being a manufacturing as base to service at focus. This resulted in restructuring or reshaping of established large corporations in few cases whereas failure of few in others. (Gerald F. Davis. 2009). This caused a panic in stock markets, where people invested heavily in these large corporations seeing their profits and growth in previous years. Shift from manufactu ring based economy to services based economy resulted in reducing availability of long term jobs as in service industry jobs average tenure for job remains substantially low as compared to manufacturing industry jobs. This resulted in newer set of service conditions emerging for labor markets. One of the primary results was portable pension. It was to facilitate the worker, who had to change job frequently on account of fast changing service industry where average tenure for a job was somewhere near 3 years in general. (Department of Agriculture. 2009). But portable pension, required professional pension fund managing companies. These companies operated in professionally and to get higher returns invested these funds in stock markets with higher returns. Formulation of multiple and sensitive nature products out of these pension funds, created chaos, once stock markets started u underperforming as these funds were actually not meant for short term investments. When these pension f unds came in stock markets through institutional investors, these created in new perspective for stock prices. Focus shifted from performance of the corporations in deciding the price of share. But in the race of profit maximizing, rates were decided not only company profitability but tradability of company shares. (Gerald F. Davis 2009). This was not a sound practice and it complicated the whole stock market scenario, once market started falling. Financial market underwent deregulation, which let to development of few tradable instruments. These financial instruments came in to existence by securitization of mortgages and credit card debt etc. Common man having property which can be mortgaged became issuer of financial instruments. (Gerald F. Davis. 2009). At the other hand same person became investor in other type of instruments. This led to emergence of a very complex system of financial market, which was not only unclear in totality but unstable also. Inflated cost of houses was taken as basis for securitization, leading to wrong valuation of resulting financial instruments. Businesses have become very dynamic in every sphere now days. Internet has changed the way business was done traditionally. Now companies based in California are outsourcing their jobs from a location thousands miles away in some other part of the world. Similarly a company generating services at one end of the world is selling it at other end of the world. So world economy has become more integrated in current times than ever before. It has created a scene, where economy of one country gets affected by happening in some other country. But even then some steps can be taken so as to minimize the resulting impact of such type of financial crisis in future. Financial markets must have strong regulation, where valuation of every financial instruments is done with due deliberations. There should not be scope of inflated valuation of securities by few stake holders for their benefit s. There should also be categorization of assets which can be used for securitization. For example credit card debt is not a credible asset which should be allowed to be converted in security. Pension funds management by private professional fund managers are reality in current times. Scope and dimensions of their operations are bound to increase in future. But there must be brought a very strong regulatory mechanism, which regulate operations of funds management with prudent norms in place. These fund managers should not be allowed to invest with just an eye on maximizing the wealth of investors, but should also look for stability of the operations. Lending operations of the banks and other financial institutions should also be kept under check. Subprime lending not only reduces the stability of the operations, but also put the financial system at risk of losses. So only credit worthy individuals or institutions should be allowed to raise debt and that even within prudent lendi ng norms. There must be check on the exposure limit of individual banks or other non banking financial institutions to any single business house or industrial segments. Today business world is fact changing. Any innovation in particular industrial segment may alter whole established scenario, causing losses to big corporations. In such cases, if financial institutions have large exposure to such industrial house or industry, it causes problem of stability. Some time losses may be in the tune of even causing failure of bank. To avoid such scenario, it is all the time better to take preventive step of putting ceiling caps on exposure of banking and non banking financial institutions to any single industry of industrial house. There must strict regulations so as to govern stock markets, so as institutional investors are not in a position to manipulate prices of the stocks to their benefit. It has been observed that in few countries, institutional investors have manipulated the st ock prices resulting in losses to general investor community, erasing confidence of investors in market. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "World Economy Changed" essay for you Create order

Identifying Innocent People On Death Row - 1381 Words

Jackie Delaney Professor Nagy The World of Crime Fiction 12/14/15 Identifying Innocent People on Death Row through DNA Evidence How has DNA evidence helped to identify innocent people on death row? This topic raises the question of how many people on death row should truly be there and what percent are innocent. Jay D. Aronson works at Carnegie Mellon University as an Assistant Professor of Science, Technology and Society, and Simon A. Cole works at the University of California as an Assistant professor of Criminology, Law and Society. According to Jay Aronson and Simon Cole â€Å"both abolitionists and death penalty reformers, who seek to promote a ‘scientific’ death penalty centered on DNA evidence, draw upon a mythologized notion of†¦show more content†¦Having the new technology in this modern day allows us to further our understanding of DNA evidence and leads us to understand the wrongful convictions in the past of death row, along with the use of the innocence project we are able to help those currently on death row. In order to properly discuss this topic, the paper has been separated into three main parts which include: DNA evidence, death row, and the Innocence Project. The section regarding DNA evidence starts out with what exactly is DNA and why it is so important to science, forensic science, and then gets further into detail of how it became completely admissible in court cases. The second section being discussed is the death penalty in the United States and has one subsection. It begins with basic information on the death penalty and statistics of conviction, wrongful and not, and what causes people to be wrongfully convicted. The subsection for the death penalty section discusses just a few wrongful conviction cases; what went wrong that these people were wrongly convicted and did they ever get a chance to plead for their innocence after being sent away to death row. The third and final portion discusses the newer and very important program called the Innocence project, explaining what i t is they do and how it has helped people. DNA EVIDENCE Deoxyribonucleic Acid is the official name of DNA, which Donald Shelton notes that â€Å"DNA is the molecular structure in all

Government Regulation Of Monopolies-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Explain how and Why Governments May Want to Regulate the Price Setting Of a Natural Monopoly. Answer: Introduction A monopoly arising out of high fixed costs or start up costs is termed as a natural monopoly. An industry where natural monopoly persists requires unique raw material, specialized technology and other factors which are necessary to operate. The government run public services such as water; electricity and telecommunications are most common examples of Natural monopoly. Generally natural monopolies tend to have high infrastructure cost(Haworth). The concept of Natural monopoly was characterized by John Stuart Mill, who was of the opinion that prices would throw back the cost of production in lack of natural monopoly. In order to have good return on investment it has to acquire a large number of customers. Therefore it is stated that industries which bear high start up cost tend to have low average cost because with huge amount of customers, the output tends to increase(Crugman, Version 7). Let us explain the natural monopoly situation with the help of an example: Demand P = 120-Q Marginal Revenue MR = 120-2Q Average cost AC = 15+ (400/Q) Marginal Cost MC = 15 The average cost has a direct relationship with Marginal cost, because as the AC increases MC tends to remain below the AC. In a natural monopoly AC tends to decline with increasing quantity of output(J, 2012). In the above example if the monopolist is allowed to set its own price and output, then the condition implied would be MR=MC 120-2Q = 15 i.e. Q = 52.5 P = 120-52.5 = 67.5 With the increase in elasticity of demand the monopolistic prices can be broken down. The competitors tend to increase the demand elasticity which implies that if prices are increased part of your demand will go to other competitors in the market(Kadariya, 2014). There are various characteristics of Monopoly. Some of the characteristics includes: Unique vendor, As the market is prevailing with only a single vendor in the market he takes the opportunity to control price and supply of the goods. Due to its uniqueness there are multiple buyers in the market so he has no control over the demand for the goods. No alternate supply sources,(Kumar) The goods in the market doesnt have any alternate products available so there is monopoly of the products. This bounds the customer to go for one product only as they have no choice available to choose its products. Price: As the control lies within the hands of monopolist, he can charge any price from its customers for the same product which creates price discrimination. Restriction to entry: The new entrants cannot enter the market as the power lies in the hands of the monopolist(Patel, 2010). There are many obstacles for the new competitors to beat the already existing supplier. Firm and Industry: As there is only single firm operating in the market, there is no difference between a fir m and an industry. Reasons of the rise of the monopolies are: The essential cause of monopoly is the survival of barriers to entry. Barriers to entry have three forms of origin: Ownership, the government gives the administrative control to single organization to produce exclusive goods, efficiency of one single producer in the cost of production rather than having multiple numbers of producers. The various forms of Natural Monopoly are Regulated Natural Monopoly and Unregulated Natural monopoly. The monopolist can enhance its profits by generating the quantity of output, where MR = MC. This is known as unregulated natural monopoly. The outcomes of unregulated natural monopoly are: Taking advantage by over-charging the customers The Monopoly power lies in the hands of one seller Unethical resource distribution Operational wastefulness To bring unregulated Natural monopoly under control natural monopolies must be regulated. There are fair chances that a firm may incur economic loss, if an organization is regulated to produce optimal quantity of output(Schenk, 1997) Government should provide subsidy to the firms in-order to eradicate economic loss The subsidy provided by the government and price regulated natural monopoly has been explained with the help of a diagram The various ways to control Monopoly if subsidies are not provided by the government are mentioned below: Zero Economic Profit/Balance Output, Natural Monopolies are often standardized to earn Zero Economic Profit. In this situation a firm doesnt expect subsidy from the government. But it can lead to certain difficulties: Lack of control over cost Regulators may find it difficult to acquire accurate information Production and Pricing decision made by a Natural Monopoly, The major variance between a competitive firm and a natural monopoly is its economies of scale i.e. a monopoly firm can influence the price of its product according to its output. An industry which is more competitive has to set the prices as per the prevailing market conditions whereas a monopoly can set the price of its product as per the output availability. The demand curve of a monopoly firm is mostly downward sloping whereas competitive markets have horizontal demand curves. Analysis: Now a question here arises that is monopoly preferable over other market forms? From the point of view of the customers monopoly is not a preferred market as the customer can be overcharged due to no close substitutes available. From the point of view of the monopolist, it is desirable as the producers and suppliers earn huge profits The ways of Regulating Natural Monopolies are mentioned as under, Regulation is common amongst natural monopolies i.e. firms which supply electricity, water and provide telecommunication services. These firms are generally government owned firms. The prices charged by these firms are fixed and regulated by the government authorities. The price set by the government for the products and services of a monopoly firm cannot exceed the marginal cost. In US countries most companies are monopoly regulated. The cost structure and the demand of a natural monopoly firm is so incomparable and doesnt let the competitive firms enter the market easily. The few methods to control Monopoly are discussed below: Legislative Method, By taking legal actions against the monopolist a government can regulate the price of the products. The basic objective of having more monopolies is that the government doesnt want intervention of private firms more in the industry. Control over price and volume produced, In a natural monopoly the government plays an important role in either controlling the output produced or the price of the products. Nationalization, converting the private firms into state ownership firms is of utmost importance where inflation is on rise. Government may decide to take over all the companies who are enjoying monopoly power in the market. Consumers Association, the enlargement of monopoly power can be easily controlled by insisting the formation of consumer associations to enhance the bargaining power of the buyers. Antitrust Policies (the main advantage of anti-trust policies is to avoid business practices that either create or maintain a monopoly) may not be appropriate if monopoly is caused due to increasing economies of scale. The two major anti-trust laws are Sherman Antitrust act which came in the year 1890 and the other law is Clayton anti-trust act. With increasing returns one large firm can produce at a lower cost than several small firms. The most eminent point that emerges from economic study of regulation is that the publicly stated rationale for government action may differ from its original. The important question that arises from regulation is: Why does the government feel that government intervention is a must for running large business? By regulating the market it helps the small companies to enter the market easily and preserve competition. For example, the dominance of Microsoft in recent years has raised the question of whether its practices are monopolistic. Because the corporation controls the majority of the market in nearly all of its markets, there is an overwhelming social pressure for regulation. The earliest regulatory measures were not as focused on competition, however. The goal was to protect the consumer. For example, the Grangers (19th Century farmers) felt that they were being oppressed by unfair practices of the railroads. There was great social unrest in this population because of the practices of large corporations. To avoid revolt and turmoil, the state government passed the Granger Laws. This group of legislation was essentially an attempt to appease the troubled farmers. It was not until the end of the 19th Century and the beginning of the 20th that regulation made the turn toward preserving competition. Another trend in regulation is the unfortunate tendency of legislation to have little effect. Most of the laws created to control railroads were simply ignored by the large corporations. Similarly, the action of the Federal Trade Commission against Microsoft is often viewed as a trifle. Judge Stanley Sporkin rejected the June 1995 decision regarding the Microsoft monopoly, saying that the ruling was a mockery and that stricter control must be taken. Most attempts at federal regulation have been mediated, modulated, or amended until they lose much of their original bite. Conclusion: To curb the growth of corporations social and government presence is a must. The dangers of allowing one company to assume supremacy over a market have frightened the government into regulation. Though, in many ways, the legislation fails to achieve its original goal, governmental regulation has become a standard in interstate and international commerce. America was founded on the principle of free trade and freedom of competition. Therefore, the government has assumed the responsibility of preventing the formation of monopolies and curbing unfair practices of large corporations. Owing a firm is one way of controlling natural monopolies. For instance, in the United States, the federal government owns the United States Postal Service, and in Europe, many governments own and operate utilities, such as water and electricity. The main difficulty with government ownership is that these monopolies are operated by bureaucrats, and more often than not, they are unionized, so they have little incentive to operate the business efficiently or to provide good service to the taxpayer. Indeed, if technology were available that increased the efficiency of the monopoly; the bureaucrats would probably reject it to protect their jobs. Furthermore, the bureaucrats act as a special interest group that actively works to enrich itself at the expense of the taxpayers, especially if they are unionized. Operating monopolies normally do not worry about the competition Bibliography Crugman, P. (Version 7). Regulation of Natural Monopoly. In Boundless Economics. Boundless. Haworth, B. (n.d.). Retrieved from natmonop. J, P. (2012). Microeconomics, Pearson education. England. Kadariya, S. (2014, May 25th). Retrieved from Natural Monopoly. Knownai. (2011, Sep 12th). Advantages-And-Disadvantages-Of-A-Monopoly-Market. Kumar, M. (n.d.). Top 3 Methods of Controlling Monopoly. Patel, N. (2010, Oct 29th). In-what-ways-are-monopolies-good-for-an-economy. Rashma. (n.d.). Understanding Monopoly : Government Measures to Control Monopoly in India. Schenk, R. (1997). Regulation. Stanford, C. (n.d.). Government regulation of monopolies. Welker, J. (2013, March o4). monopoly-prices-to-regulate-or-not-to-regulate-that-is-the-question

The Lesson To Be Learned In William Carlos Williams The Red Wheelbarr

The Lesson To Be Learned In William Carlos Williams' 'The Red Wheelbarrow' The Lesson to be Learned in William Carlos Williams' ?The Red Wheelbarrow' Even though it consists of a single sentence broken down into four stanzas consisting of four words each, the poem ?The Red Wheelbarrow', by William Carlos Williams is a very complex work. Each stanza is further broken into two lines between the third and forth word. The opening stanza is ?so much depends/ upon'. Depend can be looked at in a number of different ways. The first thing that comes to mind as a definition of ?depend' is to count on, to trust to do something. Children are viewed as ?dependants'. If something is hung from a string it is said to be depending. Sometimes it can be referred to as a particular choice. You might ask your boss for a raise. Your boss may tell you that it all ?depends' on your performance on the job, that it hinges on your actions. This is what Williams is saying in this case. He is implying that a lot hinges on how you read the next line. He is trying to get you to ponder the poem itself. In effect what he is saying is how you view ?a red wheel/ ba rrow' is very important to him, and the poem itself. Williams wrote, ?No ideas but in things?, meaning that it was the poets job to deal with concrete particulars and to let ideas take care of themselves. Further meaning that for some poets, like himself a wheelbarrow is simply a wheelbarrow. Nothing that is outside the poem can be placed inside the poem. For instance, it would be simple to say that the wheelbarrow was the thing that a lot depended on. The last stanza of the poem, ?beside the white/ chickens' might cause the reader to see the wheelbarrow as a symbol. Perhaps ?so much depends/ upon' the wheelbarrow because it is an important farm implement. The farm could be inferred because the wheelbarrow is ?beside the white/ chickens'. However, Williams himself warns against doing this. How can we be sure that the farm exists? How can we know if a farm was what he had in mind? The reader cannot say for sure at all. When I was younger I kept a chicken for a pet and I didn't live on a farm. One cannot say that because a chicken exists that the farm exists as well. Williams himself tells us ?No ideas but in things'. If the connection between the wheelbarrow and the chicken is not a farm (and it cannot be because the farm is not in the poem) then what is it? The only thing in the poem is the wheelbarrow itself. Everything else is descriptive of the wheelbarrow. The other lines call attention to or enhance certain aspects of the wheelbarrow. The third stanza, ?glazed with rain/ water' these lines don't call attention to rain but rather the rain accentuates the wheelbarrow. The connotation would be a lot different if it said something similar to ?rain covered'. The way it is worded causes focus to be placed on the wheelbarrow itself. It's not the rain that's important. What is important however is how the rain is interpreted. Here the rain could also be said to be a symbol. Perhaps the symbolism of a rain-wet wheelbarrow could be hardship as in ?it always rains on a parade'. In this case I would argue that the rain is simply rain. It serves only as a method to further describe the wheelbarrow itself, to bring a clearer picture of it to the reader's mind. The next stanza ?beside the white/ chickens' also calls attention to the wheelbarrow. The chickens aren't symbols themselves. From the poem we know that the wheelbarrow is red. We also know that nearby are some chickens. The chickens nearby are white, that's what is important, their color not the birds themselves. The sharp whiteness of the birds is a dramatic contrast to the red of the wheelbarrow. Williams, instead of telling the reader that the wheelbarrow was a vibrant red, added some white chickens for a comparison. The chickens are only important because

10 Tips for Critiquing Other Peoples Writing

10 Tips for Critiquing Other Peoples Writing 10 Tips for Critiquing Other People’s Writing 10 Tips for Critiquing Other People’s Writing By Mark Nichol You’ve agreed to review someone else’s writing. You’ve taken my advice and determined whether the person is requesting a general impression or is asking for an in-depth critique. If the writer has the latter in mind, you’ve offered to evaluate a brief sample as a guide to help the person extrapolate what they should look for when they revise their draft. (If you’re asked to critique an entire book in depth, you should do so only for pay or as part of a bartering arrangement, because you’re being asked to devote dozens of hours of your time.) You have also determined to be honest and objective, because that is what the writer wants and needs: If you note structural weaknesses or flaccid prose, a literary agent or an editor will certainly do so, and your task is to help the writer resolve such flaws so that they are absent from the manuscript the writer eventually submits to an agent or a publisher. Here are ten tips for a positive, productive critiquing experience: 1. Tolerate the Task When you write, you don’t have to be an aficionado or expert to produce an article or a story on a given topic. Editors don’t need these qualifications, either, and they don’t have to be enamored of the writer’s voice or technique. The same goes for someone conducting a critique: Don’t turn down a request for feedback just because you’re not interested in the subject or you don’t like the writing style. Help the writer succeed in reaching the audience they are writing for. (But don’t hesitate to express your opinion if you think the approach is flawed.) 2. Ask for a Clean Copy The manuscript sample you receive should appear exactly as it would look when it’s ready for submission to a publishing professional. Hard copy should be double spaced and must be free of handwritten annotations or emendations. An electronic document should be professionally formatted and at least mostly devoid of the writer’s notes to self. 3. Mark It Up If you’re reviewing an electronic copy, activate change tracking and edit it. Insert notes using the comment feature or by entering them in brackets, highlighted in boldface or with colored type or background, so they are easily located and distinguished from the content. If you’re working on hard copy, use a pen or a colored pencil for brief notes, and write or type your detailed queries and comments on a separate sheet of paper or in a computer document. 4. Evaluate the Writing, Not the Writer Compliments and complaints alike should focus on the product, not the producer. Refer to the sentence or the section, the character or their actions, the narrative flow or the exchange of dialogue rather than to the person who requested your help. Suggest how to improve the article or the story, not the writer. 5. Start and Stop with the Positive Whether you’re responding with general impressions or providing detailed feedback, begin by lauding the strengths of the sample, and reiterate your positive feedback when you summarize your critique. Refer to strengths, not weaknesses, and use positive language: â€Å"stronger,† â€Å"more interesting,† â€Å"a better approach.† Be frank but diplomatic: Even people who can take criticism need to hear that they’re doing something right, and that’s what you should start (and end) with. 6. Craft Your Critiques Be specific, not vague. Be active, not passive. Point out problems, but suggest solutions. Your goal is to clearly communicate to the writer about how they can more clearly communicate to their readers. 7. Guide, Don’t Carry The writer will appreciate focused feedback, and you should feel free to model precise changes in structure or tone and detailed revisions of narrative or dialogue, but do so sparingly. Think of your advice as patterns for the writer to use as templates, or you may end up rewriting the piece, and the writer will have learned little or nothing (except never to ask for your help again). 8. Invite Questions Set up a time to go over your critique after the writer has had a chance to review it. Welcome the writer’s requests for clarification and discussion. If the writer becomes defensive, mention that you have offered your perspective, and that they are free to act on your critique as they see fit. 9. Follow Up Check in with the writer and see how they’re progressing. No matter how careful you are about being diplomatic, the writer may feel a bit battered, and part of your unwritten contract should include a clause requiring you to keep in touch about the project. 10. Know Your Limits It’s reasonable for a writer to ask you for a second light look at the piece after they have made changes in response to your comments, or to request that you provide a general impression about a revision based on your in-depth critique. But establish boundaries about how much time and effort you expend on the writer’s work. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:35 Synonyms for â€Å"Look†Used To vs. Use ToHow Do You Fare?

Muhammad by karen armstrong Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Muhammad by karen armstrong - Essay Example Hira outside Mecca where he frequented for meditation. He claimed to have been called to rebuke the pagans of Mecca who worshiped idols and engaged in unclean superstitions and rituals (Armstrong, p. 24). It is noteworthy that when he was growing up as an orphan with his uncle Abu Talib, he was a person of integrity in his business dealings and was truthful. It is said that in Mecca, he was known as Sadiq and Ameen meaning true and trusty respectively. The Quran also gives credit to his upright character by saying that in him there is a perfect example for people to follow in their conduct. The prophet had been sent to reform the pagans in Mecca who had no regard for even the most basic of human rights. They engaged in disputes and long battles over small matters. They did not treat women well and hated the birth of female children to the extent that they would kill or bury them alive. The poor people were voiceless and were exploited through loans that required payment of high interests. There was torture and killing of slaves with no consequence. The Prophet despised slavery. Abuse of human rights, social injustice and worship of the idols in homes and in the house of God built by Abraham, Kabah were the order of the day in Meca. Despite watching helplessly as all this was going on, he refused to bow down to the idols (Armstrong, p. 41). He married Khadijah, an affluent businesswoman for whom he had worked for some time. He was 25 when he married her, something that made him financial stability. He helped free Zaid ibn Harithah, a slave from Khadijah’s house, and adopted him. He paid for an African slave named Bilal and had him freed. Bilal remained with Mohammed for the next 22 years until he died. During all this time, Bilal would eat and dined with the Prophet and was given the role of the Muazzin meaning caller for prayers (Armstrong, p. 57). He always taught forgiveness and compassion. After his return from exile in Medina, he came back

Coaching Leadership Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coaching Leadership Development - Essay Example It may be an informal or a formal process, an informal being one in which a person with greater experience guides the one with lesser experience. Statistics in UK show that 90% companies use coaching and 51% of them consider it to be necessary and crucial for the leadership development process. These skills are often developed and adopted by managers who would influence the organization. (Wooden & Jamison, 2005) A new era brings about rapid changes in the market place and thus organizations and therefore leadership skills have acquired greater importance in the dynamic workplace. Those who employ coaching as a leadership have a greater understanding of themselves usually, since it not only allows them to grow in terms of leading the organization but also to understand their own personality and areas of strengths and weaknesses and work on themselves. (Smith, 1999) Executive coaching is one of the components of coaching that seems to be effective and a good investment of time and mone y. Competencies that are developed prove to be long term and effective and further inferences can easily be deduced as to what needs to be done to further enhance the competencies. (Dessler, 2012) Also organizations are engaging in downsizing and they have a flatter structure than before since the world is moving to a place where hierarchical structures are considered less effective and lesser manpower is required in organizations. Therefore even though it has its benefits, however, senior managers would be removed more easily and growth opportunities are better but if new managers cannot fill in the shoes of the previous managers and lack the leadership qualities then the entire organization will show a downward trend. Coaching can help build these abilities. (Warrenfeltz,... This paper approves that there are certain alternative approaches such as leadership action teams. This requires being put in situations with teams to perform in situations which are above their current capability and one person is the leader who will guide the team to success or failure and basically guide the team through the entire situation. This is a new method that has achieved a lot of success because the workplace is dynamic and situations keep changing and leaders always have to be ready. There may not necessarily be time to coach them to reaching their goals, and so learning by doing or action learning is useful in situations where the organization is pressed for time and money and the managers have a great deal of workload already. This essay makes a conclusion that a last leadership development tool that is important is the multi-rater feedback method or a 360 degree feedback method. Feedback is always an effective tool for improvement, since you are always guided and critiqued as to where you are going wrong and where you are going right, and you can go in that direction accordingly. However, feedback from different sources is even more effective as you get an overall perspective of your standing, not just from your mentor, or your coach, or your employees, but from all of the aforementioned. This helps to improve performance. However, this feedback needs to be continuous if it is to be effective. Also, one can never be sure if they encompass the entire organization’s perspective in their 360 degree appraisal and one which is free from bias because everyone has a different way of looking at things and not necessarily the correct one.

Earthquake Preparedness of Staff Nurses Research Proposal

Earthquake Preparedness of Staff Nurses Research Proposal A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INFORMATION BOOKLET ON EARTHQUAKE PREPAREDNESS IN TERMS OF KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF STAFF NURSES WORKING IN SELECTED COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTERS OF GUJARAT STATE   INVESTIGATOR Bhavisha R. Patel ABSTRACT Disaster has been Mankind’s constant though inconvenient companion since time immemorial. The fury of nature can be as disastrously beautiful as the gifts of nature received gratis. Natural disaster continues to strike unabated and without notice and is perceived to be on the increase in their magnitude complexity, frequency and economic impact. India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. About 60% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of various intensities; over 40 million hectares is prone to floods; about 8% of the total area is prone to cyclones and 68% of the area is susceptible to drought. The main objective of the study was assessing the knowledge and practice of the Staff Nurses before and after the administration of an Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness in the selected Community health centre of Gujarat state. The conceptual frame work is based on System theory model. Materials Method used for the study was after a preliminary study on Earthquake Preparedness of Staff Nurses conducted at Adalaj CHC, a pre-post interventional study was performed on 8 CHCs of Gujarat State. Four districts of Gujarat state i.e. Ahmedabd, Gandhinagar, Panchamahal and Bharuch were selected randomly. Each CHCs of selected districts were randomly selected. While sample selection was done by Lottery Method. One group pre post design used for the study Data collection includes personal data, knowledge of Earthquake Preparedness of staff nurses with help of structured knowledge questionnaires, Practice of Earthquake Preparedness of staff nurses with help of structured observation check list. An Information Booklet was introduced in terms of knowledge and Practice performing by Staff Nurses on Earthquake Preparedness. Reliability of the tool was confirmed by Pearson test and validity was done from experts of different health department. Results of or Forty staff nurses were included from Eight CHCs of Gujarat state. For the knowledge it is reveals the comparison between pre-test and post-test knowledge score obtained by the Samples on Earthquake Preparedness. The mean pre test score is 15.82 and the mean post test score is 29.75. The Standard Deviation of pre test knowledge score is 2.77 and that of the post test is 1.84. The calculated‘t’ is 13.92 and the tabulated’ is 1.68 at 0.05 level of significance. For practice of the samples it is reveals the comparison between pre-test and post-test practice score obtained by the Samples on Earthquake Preparedness. The mean pre test score is 35.47 and the mean post test score is 48.025. The calculated‘t’ is 21.37 and the tabulated’ is 1.68 at 0.05 level of significance There was significant difference between pretest mean score and posttest mean score for knowledge and practice of samples regarding Earth quake Preparedness of Staff Nurses. After administration of an Information Booklet, there was improvement in samples’ Knowledge and Practice. So it was concluded that An Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness increased the knowledge and practice of staff nurses working in selected CHCs of Gujarat State. Introduction â€Å"Hospitals Safe from Disasters Reduce Risk, Protect Health Facilities, Save Lives,† (World Health Day). Disaster caused by nature’s fury is not uncommon in this planet, earth. In fact, scientists believe that the birth of this planet, earth was the result of an explosion that occurred in the solar system, from time immemorial this planet has witnessed numerous natural disasters. In the past, man used to view this natural disaster as the â€Å"ACTS OF GOD† Gradually; science opened the doors of knowledge and enabled man to understand the mysteries of nature. On January 26, 2001 Gujarat was rocked by a violent earthquake. Thousands of people died and there was loss of about 400 crore rupees to the nation. It was one of the severest earthquakes to have hit the country. In served to highlight the gaping holes in the nation’s disaster management ability. This devastating incident made the investigator take up the present study. Nurses in any location will be on the front line as caregivers and managers in the event of a damaging, disaster. Having read the views of various authors the investigator is able to visualize that disaster situations are very different from routine nursing care situation. Nurses need to have adequate knowledge and training to work in such a unique, chaotic, stressful situation and to identify and meet the complex, multi various health needs of victims of disaster. India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. About 60% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of various intensities; over 40 million hectares is prone to floods; about 8% of the total area is prone to cyclones and 68% of the area is susceptible to drought. In the decade 1990-2000, an average of about 4344 people lost their lives and about 30 million people were affected by disasters every year. The loss in terms of private, community and public assets has been astronomical. At the global level, there has been considerable concern over natural disasters. Even as substantial scientific and material progress is made, the loss of lives and property due to disasters has not decreased. In fact, The human toll and economic losses have mounted. It was in this background that the United Nations General Assembly, in 1989, declared the decade 1990- 2000 as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction with the objective to reduce loss of lives and property and restrict socio-economic damage through concerted international action, especially in developing countries. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: 1. To assess the knowledge of the Staff Nurses before and after the administration of an Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness in the selected Community health centre of Gujarat state. 2. To assess the practice of the Staff Nurses before and after the administration of Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness in the selected Community health centre of Gujarat state. HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY: H1: The mean post test knowledge scores of the Staff Nurses after the administration of an Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness will be significantly higher than their mean pre test Knowledge scores as evident from the Structured Knowledge Questionnaire at .05 levels. H2: The mean post test practice scores of the Staff Nurses after the Administration of an Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness will be significantly higher than their mean pre test practice scores as evident from the structured observational Checklist at .05 levels. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS Effectiveness: it refers to the power of the information booklet to bring about changes in knowledge and practice of staff nurses regarding earthquake preparedness. Informational Booklet: A handy written material, which will enhance the knowledge of staff nurses regarding earthquake preparedness improve practice of the staff nurse. Earth Quake: A sudden violent shaking of the ground as a result of movement within the earth’s crust. Preparedness:- is concerned with forecasting and working, education and training of population, organization for and management of disaster including preparation of operational plan, training of relief groups, ensuring adequate supplies of necessary funds. Knowledge: It is the ability of staff nurses to respond to a structured knowledge questionnaire regarding earthquake preparedness resulting as evident from knowledge score. Practice: It refers to the abilities of the staff nurse to guide and provide care to the earthquake preparedness with the use of informational booklet. At Evidence by Structured Observational Check List. Staff nurse: staff nurse (male and female) who are working in community health center. Community health center: In this study CHC refers to community health center covering a population of 80,000 to 1.20 lake with 30 beds and specialist in surgery, medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics with X-ray and laboratory facilities. DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:- The study is delimited to Staff nurse of selected CHC of Gujarat state accessible during the data collection will be selected for the sample. The study is delimited to Staff nurse who are willing to participate in the study. The study is delimited to the CHC of selected district of Gujarat State only. The study is delimited to the 40 staff nurses only. RESEARCH DESIGN Research design selected for the present study was one group pre test post test design. The investigator had developed structured Knowledge Questionnaire and Structured Observational Checklist for evaluation of pre test and post test. RESEARCH SETTING:- The present study was conducted in the selected Community Health Center of Gujarat State. Investigator was divided Gujarat state in five regions (north, east, and west, south and central) and from that investigator will select any four districts by lottery method). From each district by lottery method investigator will select two Community Health Center. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Materials Method used for the study was after a preliminary study on Earthquake Preparedness of Staff Nurses conducted at Adalaj CHC, a pre-post interventional study was performed on 8 CHCs of Gujarat State.. Four districts of Gujarat state i.e. Ahmedabd, Gandhinagar, Panchamahal and Bharuch were selected randomly. Each CHCs of selected districts were randomly selected. While sample selection was done by Lottery Method. One group pre post design used for the study Data collection includes personal data, knowledge of Earthquake Preparedness of staff nurses with help of structured knowledge questionnaires, Practice of Earthquake Preparedness of staff nurses with help of structured observation check list. An Information Booklet was introduced in terms of knowledge and Practice performing by Staff Nurses on Earthquake Preparedness. The main area of knowledge and Practice include – Introduction of Earthquake, Types and Phases of Disaster, Earthquake Preparedness and Care of Victim. Reliability of the tool was confirmed by Pearson test and validity was done from experts of different health department. Results for Forty staff nurses were included from Eight CHCs of Gujarat state. For the knowledge it is reveals the comparison between pre-test and post-test knowledge score obtained by the Samples on Earthquake Preparedness. The mean pre test score is 15.82 and the mean post test score is 29.75. The table also shows that the Standard Deviation of pre test knowledge score is 2.77 and that of the post test is 1.84. The calculated‘t’ is 13.92 and the tabulated’ is 1.68 at 0.05 level of significance. For practice of the samples it is reveals the comparison between pre-test and post-test practice score obtained by the Samples on Earthquake Preparedness. The mean pre test score is 35.47 and the mean post test score is 48.025. The table also shows that the Standard Deviation of pre test practice score is 3.17 and that of the post test is 2.03. The ca lculated‘t’ is 21.37 and the tabulated’ is 1.68 at 0.05 level of significance There was significant difference between pretest mean score and posttest mean score for knowledge and practice of samples regarding Earthquake Preparedness of Staff Nurses. After administration of an Information Booklet, there was improvement in samples’ Knowledge and Practice. So it was concluded that An Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness increased the knowledge and practice of staff nurses  working in selected CHCs of Gujarat State. CONCLUSIONS The following conclusions can be drawn from the study findings. For personal data investigator concluded the results and it is revealed that 18(45%) of the samples are in the age group of 31-40 years, 37(92.5%) are female, 40(100%) has not attend training regarding Disaster Management, 35(87.5%) have the professional qualification of GNM and 17(42.5%) have 6-10 years clinical experience and 39(97.5%) have not any experience related Earthquake Management. From knowledge questionnaire it is revealed that the mean difference in the area related to the Introduction of Earthquake is 3.30, in area related to Earthquake Types and Phases is 1.82, in area related to Earthquake Preparedness 5.42 and while area related to Care of Victim is 3.37. Samples have gained more knowledge in the area related to Earthquake Preparedness and Care of Victim. Obtained mean difference in all area of knowledge the calculated‘t’ is greater than tabulated‘t’ (1.68) and so the investigat or concluded that there is significant increase in the mean post test knowledge score as compared to the mean pre test knowledge score after the administration of an Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness which is statistically proved and so the null hypothesis Ho1 is rejected and research hypothesis H1 is accepted.. Mean post test knowledge score is higher than mean pre test knowledge score with the mean difference of 13.92 which is statistically proved that the Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness is effective in terms of knowledge among the samples. The calculated‘t’ (13.92) is significantly greater than the tabulated ‘t’(1.68) so there is significant increase in the knowledge of samples after the administration of the Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness. For The Observational Checklist It is is revealed that the mean difference in the area related to the Arrangement of infrastructure and equipments is 6.25, in area related to Preparation of Emergency kit articles is 2.025, in area related to Communication Facility 3.75 and while area related to Round the clock inspection of medicine and repair of equipment is 0.53. Samples have gained more practice in the area related to Arrangement of infrastructure and equipments and Communication Facility .Obtained mean difference in all area of practice the calculated ‘t’ is greater than tabulated ‘t’(1.68) and so the investigator concluded that there is significant increase in the mean post test practice score as compared to the mean pre test practice score after the administration of an Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness which is statistically proved and so the null hypothesis Ho2 is rejected and research hypothesis H2 is accepted. Mean post test practice s core is higher than mean pre test practice score with the mean difference of 12.55 which is statistically proved that the Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness is effective in terms of practice among the samples. The calculated‘t’ (21.37) is significantly greater than the tabulated ‘t’(1.68) so there is significant increase in the practice of samples after the administration of the Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness. From all the above mentioned findings, it can be concluded that the administration of an Information Booklet was definite increase in both Knowledge and Practice of Staff Nurses. This clearly indicates that an Information Booklet on Earthquake Preparedness was effective in improving the Knowledge and Practice of the Samples. BIBLIOGRAPHY:- NEWSPAPERS â€Å"Coping with Calamities†. The Times of India, 31st January,2001. â€Å"Courses on Disaster Management Need Upgrading.† The Times of India, 18th January, 2002. â€Å"Networking Relief and Rehabilitation†. The Times of India, 30th January, 2001. â€Å"Press for Quack-Resistance Building Norms† The Times of India, 31st January, 2001. JOURNALES Anne G.H. Coping with Disaster. â€Å"American Journal of Nursing†. 1980 Dec; 80(4): 683. Berglin SL. Emergency Nurses in Community Disaster Planning. â€Å"Journal of Emergency Nursing†. 1990, 16(4): 290- 292. Bhatia, S.C., et. Al. â€Å"A Probabilistic Hazard map of India andAdjoining Regions†. Ann. Geofis, 1999, 42(6), 1153-1155. Bland, John. Superfluous to Requirement. â€Å"World Health†. 1991, 22(1), 17-20. Bittner, Patricia, Disaster Preparedness. â€Å"World Health†. 1991,22(1), 13. INTERNET www.who.int/disaster/repo/5522pdf prehospital disaster search www.redcross.int Disaster and triage http//206.39.77.2/DMCR/triage/rules.htm www.database .disaster BOOKS Best John w. â€Å"Research in Education†. New Delhi; prentice Hall of India Private Limited, 1992. B.T.Baswanthappa.â€Å"Nursing Theories†. 2ndEdition, Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi, 2005. B.T.Baswanthappa.â€Å"Nursing Research†. 2nd Edition, Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi, 2005. C.V.R Murty. â€Å"Preparing for Earthquakes: Where India Stands†. Vol 3, No.3, May 2000. Garrett, H. and K. Woodworth, R.S. â€Å"Statistics in Psychology and Evaluation†. Bombay: Vakils Feffers and Simons Ltd., 1981. Polite, D.F.. and Hungler, B.P. â€Å"Nursing Research; Principles and Methods†. Philadelphia: J.E. Lippincott Company, 1999. W.H.O, â€Å"Coping with Natural Disaster the Role of Local Health Personnel and the Community†, Geneva: WHO, 1989.

Baldwins Notes of a Native Son Essay -- James Baldwin

In My Father’s Eyes The essay â€Å"Notes of a Native Son† takes place at a very volatile time in history. The story was written during a time of hate and discrimination toward African Americans in the United States. James Baldwin, the author of this work is African American himself. His writing, along with his thoughts and ideas were greatly influenced by the events happening at the time. At the beginning of the essay, Baldwin makes a point to mention that it was the summer of 1943 and that race riots were occurring in Detroit. The story itself takes place in Harlem, a predominantly black area experiencing much of the hatred and inequalities that many African-Americans were facing throughout the country. This marks the beginning of a long narrative section that Baldwin introduces his readers to before going into any analysis at all. Throughout Baldwin’s essay he strategically weaves narrative, analytical, and argumentative selections together. The effect that Baldwin has on the reader when using this technique is extremely powerful. Baldwin combines both private and public affairs in this essay, which accentuates the analysis and argument sections throughout the work. Baldwin’s ability to shift between narrative and argument so smoothly goes hand in hand with the ideas and events that Baldwin discusses in his essay. He includes many powerful and symbolic binaries throughout the essay that help to develop the key themes and principles pertaining to his life. The most powerful and important binaries that appear in this essay are Life and Death. The key themes of Baldwin’s essay are love, hatred, rage, and anger. These themes quickly transform into recurring strands that Baldwin applies throughout his essay. These ... ... in the last paragraph of the essay. Here, he experiences an awakening. By combining heart and hatred in the same sentence, Baldwin weaves the terms that were once binaries into strands. He makes the terms fit together, rather than making them clash. Baldwin says, â€Å"This fight begins, however, in the heart and it now had been laid to my charge to keep my own heart free of hatred and despair" (84). It is his duty to free his heart of any hatred and despair that he has experienced. He comes to realize that injustice is commonplace among mankind and that he must continue to fight it. The fight begins in his heart, implying that he must let his heart be free of hatred and despair before he can begin to fight. Works Cited Baldwin, James. â€Å"Notes of a Native Son.† 1955. James Baldwin: Collected Essays. Ed. Toni Morrison. New York: Library of America, 1998. 63-84.

The Twilight Saga 2: New Moon Chapter 18 THE FUNERAL

I SPRINTED DOWN THE STAIRS AND THREW THE DOOR open. It was Jacob, of course. Even blind, Alice wasn't slow. He was standing about six feet back from the door, his nose wrinkled in distaste, but his face otherwise smoothmasklike. He didn't fool me; I could see the faint trembling of his hands. Hostility rolled off of him in waves. It brought back that awful afternoon when he'd chosen Sam over me, and I felt my chin jerk up defensively in response. Jacob's Rabbit idled by the curb with Jared behind the wheel and Embry in the passenger seat. I understood what this meant: they were afraid to let him come here alone. It made me sad, and a little annoyed. The Cullens weren't like that. â€Å"Hey,† I finally said when he didn't speak. Jake pursed his lips, still hanging back from the door. His eyes flickered across the front of the house. I ground my teeth. â€Å"She's not here. Do you need something?† He hesitated. â€Å"You're alone?† â€Å"Yes.† I sighed. â€Å"Can I talk to you a minute?† â€Å"Of course you can, Jacob. Come on in.† Jacob glanced over his shoulder at his friends in the car. I saw Embry shake his head just a tiny bit. For some reason, this bugged me to no end. My teeth clenched together again. â€Å"Chicken† I mumbled under my breath. Jake's eyes flashed back to me, his thick, black brows pushing into a furious angle over his deep-set eyes. His jaw set, and he marchedthere was no other way to describe the way he movedup the sidewalk and shrugged past me into the house. I locked gazes with first Jared and then EmbryI didn't like the hard way they eyed me; did they really think I would let anything hurt Jacobbefore I shut the door on them. Jacob was in the hall behind me, staring at the mess of blankets in the living room. â€Å"Slumber party?† he asked, his tone sarcastic. â€Å"Yeah,† I answered with the same level of acid. I didn't like Jacob when he acted this way. â€Å"What's it to you?† He wrinkled his nose again like he smelled something unpleasant. â€Å"Where's your ‘friend'?† I could hear the quotation marks in his tone. â€Å"She had some errands to run. Look, Jacob, what do you want?† Something about the room seemed to make him edgierhis long arms were quivering. He didn't answer my question. Instead he moved on to the kitchen, his restless eyes darting everywhere. I followed him. He paced back and forth along the short counter. â€Å"Hey,† I said, putting myself in his way. He stopped pacing and stared down at me. â€Å"What's your problem?† â€Å"I don't like having to be here.† That stung. I winced, and his eyes tightened. â€Å"Then I'm sorry you had to come,† I muttered. â€Å"Why don't you tell me what you need so you can leave?† â€Å"I just have to ask you a couple of questions. It shouldn't take long. We have to get back for the funeral.† â€Å"Okay. Get it over with then.† I was probably overdoing it with the antagonism, but I didn't want him to see how much this hurt. I knew I wasn't being fair. After all, I'd picked the bloodsucker over him last night. I'd hurt him first. He took a deep breath, and his trembling fingers were suddenly still. His face smoothed into a serene mask. â€Å"One of the Cullens is staying here with you,† he stated. â€Å"Yes. Alice Cullen.† He nodded thoughtfully. â€Å"How long is she here for?† â€Å"As long as she wants to be.† The belligerence was still there in my tone. â€Å"It's an open invitation.† â€Å"Do you think you could please explain to her about the other oneVictoria?† I paled. â€Å"I told her about that.† He nodded. â€Å"You should know that we can only watch our own lands with a Cullen here. You'll only be safe in La Push. I can't protect you here anymore.† â€Å"Okay,† I said in a small voice. He looked away then, out the back windows. He didn't continue. â€Å"Is that all?† He kept his eyes on the glass as he answered. â€Å"Just one more thing.† I waited, but he didn't continue. â€Å"Yes?† I finally prompted. â€Å"Are the rest of them coming back now?† he asked in a cool, quiet voice. It reminded me of Sam's always calm manner. Jacob was becoming more like Sam I wondered why that bothered me so much. Now I didn't speak. He looked back at my face with probing eyes. â€Å"Well?† he asked. He struggled to conceal the tension behind his serene expression. â€Å"No.† I said finally. Grudgingly. â€Å"They aren't coming back.† His expression didn't change. â€Å"Okay. That's all.† I glared at him, annoyance rekindled. â€Å"Well, run along now. Go tell Sam that the scary monsters aren't coming to get you.† â€Å"Okay,† he repeated, still calm. That seemed to be it. Jacob walked swiftly from the kitchen. I waited to hear the front door open, but I heard nothing. I could hear the clock over the stove ticking, and I marveled again at how quiet he'd become. What a disaster. How could I have alienated him so completely in such a short amount of time? Would he forgive me when Alice was gone? What if he didn't? I slumped against the counter and buried my face in my hands. How had I made such a mess of everything? But what could I have done differently? Even in hindsight, I couldn't think of any better way, any perfect course of action. â€Å"Bella ?† Jacob asked in a troubled voice. I pulled my face out of my hands to see Jacob hesitating in the kitchen doorway; he hadn't left when I'd thought. It was only when I saw the clear drops sparkling in my hands that I realized I was crying. Jacob's calm expression was gone; his face was anxious and unsure. He walked quickly back to stand in front of me, ducking his head so that his eyes were closer to being on the same level with mine. â€Å"Did it again, didn't I?† â€Å"Did what?† I asked, my voice cracking. â€Å"Broke my promise. Sorry.† â€Å"‘S'okay,† I mumbled. â€Å"I started it this time.† His face twisted. â€Å"I knew how you felt about them. It shouldn't have taken me by surprise like that.† I could see the revulsion in his eyes. I wanted to explain to him what Alice was really like, to defend her against the judgments he'd made, but something warned me that now was not the time. So I just said, â€Å"Sorry,† again. â€Å"Let's not worry about it, okay? She's just visiting, right? She'll leave, and things will go back to normal.† â€Å"Can't I be friends with you both at the same time?† I asked, my voice not hiding an ounce of the hurt I felt. He shook his head slowly. â€Å"No, I don't think you can.† I sniffed and stared at his big feet. â€Å"But you'll wait, right? You'll still be my friend, even though I love Alice, too?† I didn't look up, afraid to see what he'd think of that last part. It took him a minute to answer, so I was probably right not to look. â€Å"Yeah, I'll always be your friend,† he said gruffly. â€Å"No matter what you love.† â€Å"Promise?† â€Å"Promise.† I felt his arms wind around me, and I leaned against his chest, still sniffling. â€Å"This sucks.† â€Å"Yeah.† Then he sniffed my hair and said, â€Å"Ew.† â€Å"What?† I demanded. I looked up to see that his nose was wrinkled again. â€Å"Why does everyone keep doing that to me? I don't smell!† He smiled a little. â€Å"Yes, you doyou smell like them. Blech. Too sweetsickly sweet. And icy. It burns my nose.† â€Å"Really?† That was strange. Alice smelled unbelievably wonderful. To a human, anyway. â€Å"But why would Alice think I smelled, too, then?† That wiped his smile away. â€Å"Huh. Maybe I don't smell so good to her, either. Huh.† â€Å"Well, you both smell fine to me.† I rested my head against him again. I was going to miss him terribly when he walked out my door. It was a nasty catch-22on the one hand, I wanted Alice to stay forever. I was going to diemetaphoricallywhen she left me. But how was I supposed to go without seeing Jake for any length of time? What a mess, I thought again. â€Å"I'll miss you,† Jacob whispered, echoing my thoughts. â€Å"Every minute. I hope she leaves soon.† â€Å"It really doesn't have to be that way, Jake.† He sighed. â€Å"Yes, it really does. Bella. You love her. So I'd better not get anywhere near her. I'm not sure that I'm even-tempered enough to handle that. Sam would be mad if I broke the treaty, and†his voice turned sarcastic†you probably wouldn't like it too much if I killed your friend.† I recoiled from him when he said that, but he only tightened his arms, refusing to let me escape. â€Å"There's no point in avoiding the truth. That's the way things are, Bells.† â€Å"I do not like the way things are.† Jacob freed one arm so that he could cup his big brown hand under my chin and make me look at him. â€Å"Yeah. It was easier when we were both human, wasn't it?† I sighed. We stared at each other for a long moment. His hand smoldered against my skin. In my face, I knew there was nothing but wistful sadnessI didn't want to have to say goodbye now, no matter for how short a time. At first his face reflected mine, but then, as neither of us looked away, his expression changed. He released me, lifting his other hand to brush his fingertips along my cheek, trailing them down to my jaw. I could feel his fingers tremblenot with anger this time. He pressed his palm against my cheek, so that my face was trapped between his burning hands. â€Å"Bella,† he whispered. I was frozen. No! I hadn't made this decision yet. I didn't know if I could do this, and now I was out of time to think. But I would have been a fool if I thought rejecting him now would have no consequences. I stared back at him. He was not my Jacob, but he could be. His face was familiar and beloved. In so many real ways, I did love him. He was my comfort, my safe harbor. Right now, I could choose to have him belong to me. Alice was back for the moment, but that changed nothing. True love was forever lost. The prince was never coming back to kiss me awake from my enchanted sleep. I was not a princess, after all. So what was the fairy-tale protocol for other kisses? The mundane kind that didn't break any spells? Maybe it would be easylike holding his hand or having his arms around me. Maybe it would feel nice. Maybe it wouldn't feel like a betrayal. Besides, who was I betraying, anyway? Just myself. Keeping his eyes on mine, Jacob began to bend his face toward me. And I was still absolutely undecided. The shrill ring of the phone made us both jump, but it did not break his focus. He took his hand from under my chin and reached over me to grab the receiver, but still held my face securely with the hand against my cheek. His dark eyes did not free mine. I was too muddled to react, even to take advantage of the distraction. â€Å"Swan residence,† Jacob said, his husky voice low and intense. Someone answered, and Jacob altered in an instant. He straightened up, and his hand dropped from my face. His eyes went flat, his face blank, and I would have bet the measly remainder of my college f and that it was Alice. I recovered myself and held out my hand for the phone. Jacob ignored me. â€Å"He's not here,† Jacob said, and the words were menacing. There was some very short reply, a request for more information it seemed, because he added unwillingly, â€Å"He's at the funeral.† Then Jacob hung up the phone. â€Å"Filthy bloodsucker,† he muttered under his breath. The face he turned back to me was the bitter mask again. â€Å"Who did you just hang up on?† I gasped, infuriated. â€Å"In my house, and on my phone?† â€Å"Easy! He hung up on me!† â€Å"He? Who was it?!† He sneered the title. â€Å"Dr. Carlisle Cullen.† â€Å"Why didn't you let me talk to him?!† â€Å"He didn't ask for you,† Jacob said coldly. His face was smooth, expressionless, but his hands shook. â€Å"He asked where Charlie was and I told him. I don't think I broke any rules of etiquette.† â€Å"You listen to me, Jacob Black† But he obviously wasn't listening. He looked quickly over his shoulder, as if someone had called his name from the other room. His eyes went wide and his body stiff, then he started trembling. I listened too, automatically, but heard nothing. â€Å"Bye, Bells,† he spit out, and wheeled toward the front door. I ran after him. â€Å"What is it?† And then I ran into him, as he rocked back on his heels, cussing under his breath. He spun around again, knocking me sideways. I bobbled and fell to the floor, my legs tangled with his. â€Å"Shoot, ow!† I protested as he hurriedly jerked his legs free one at a time. I struggled to pull myself up as he darted for the back door; he suddenly froze again. Alice stood motionless at the foot of the stairs. â€Å"Bella,† she choked. I scrambled to my feet and lurched to her side. Her eyes were dazed and far away, her face drawn and whiter than bone. Her slim body trembled to an inner turmoil. â€Å"Alice, what's wrong?† I cried. I put my hands on her face, trying to calm her. Her eyes focused on mine abruptly, wide with pain. â€Å"Edward,† was all she whispered. My body reacted faster than my mind was able to catch up with the implications of her reply. I didn't at first understand why the room was spinning or where the hollow roar in my ears was coming from. My mind labored, unable to make sense of Alice's bleak face and how it could possibly relate to Edward, while my body was already swaying, seeking the relief of unconsciousness before the reality could hit me. The stairway tilted at the oddest angle. Jacob's furious voice was suddenly in my ear, hissing out a stream of profanities. I felt a vague disapproval. His new friends were clearly a bad influence. I was on the couch without understanding how I got there, and Jacob was still swearing. It felt like there was an earthquakethe couch was shaking under me. â€Å"What did you do to her?† he demanded. Alice ignored him. â€Å"Bella? Bella, snap out of it. We have to hurry.† â€Å"Stay back,† Jacob warned. â€Å"Calm down, Jacob Black,† Alice ordered. â€Å"You don't want to do that so close to her.† â€Å"I don't think I'll have any problem keeping my focus,† he retorted, but his voice sounded a little cooler. â€Å"Alice?† My voice was weak. â€Å"What happened?† I asked, even though I didn't want to hear. â€Å"I don't know,† she suddenly wailed. â€Å"What is he thinking?!† I labored to pull myself up despite the dizziness. I realized it was Jacob's arm I was gripping for balance. He was the one shaking, not the couch. Alice was pulling a small silver phone from her bag when my eyes relocated her. Her fingers dialed the numbers so fast they were a blur. â€Å"Rose, I need to talk to Carlisle now.† Her voice whipped through the words. â€Å"Fine, as soon as he's back. No, I'll be on a plane. Look, have you heard anything from Edward?† Alice paused now, listening with an expression that grew more appalled every second. Her mouth opened into a little O of horror, and the phone shook in her hand. â€Å"Why?† she gasped. â€Å"Why would you do that, Rosalie?† Whatever the answer was, it made her jaw tighten in anger. Her eyes flashed and narrowed. â€Å"Well, you're wrong on both counts, though, Rosalie, so that would be a problem, don't you think?† she asked acidly. â€Å"Yes, that's right. She's absolutely fineI was wrong It's a long story But you're wrong about that part, too, that's why I'm calling Yes, that's exactly what I saw.† Alice's voice was very hard and her lips were pulled back from her teeth. â€Å"It's a bit late for that, Rose. Save your remorse for someone who believes it.† Alice snapped the phone shut with a sharp twist of her fingers. Her eyes were tortured as she turned to face me. â€Å"Alice,† I blurted out quickly. I couldn't let her speak yet. I needed a few more seconds before she spoke and her words destroyed what was left of my life. â€Å"Alice, Carlisle is back, though. He called just before† She stared at me blankly. â€Å"How long ago?† she asked in a hollow voice. â€Å"Half a minute before you showed up.† â€Å"What did he say?† She really focused now, waiting for my answer. â€Å"I didn't talk to him.† My eyes flickered to Jacob. Alice turned her penetrating gaze on him. He flinched, but held his place next to me. He sit awkwardly, almost as if he were trying to shield me with his body. â€Å"He asked for Charlie, and I told him Charlie wasn't here,† Jacob muttered resentfully. â€Å"Is that everything?† Alice demanded, her voice like ice. â€Å"Then he hung up on me,† Jacob spit back. A tremor rolled down his spine, shaking me with it. â€Å"You told him Charlie was at the funeral,† I reminded him. Alice jerked her head back toward me â€Å"What were his exact words?† â€Å"He said, ‘He's not here,' and when Carlisle asked where Charlie was, Jacob said, ‘At the funeral.'† Alice moaned and sank to her knees. â€Å"Tell me Alice,† I whispered. â€Å"That wasn't Carlisle on the phone,† she said hopelessly. â€Å"Are you calling me a liar?† Jacob snarled from beside me. Alice ignored him, focusing on my bewildered face. â€Å"It was Edward.† The words were just a choked whisper. â€Å"He thinks you're dead.† My mind started to work again. These words weren't the ones I'd been afraid of, and the relief cleared my head. â€Å"Rosalie told him I killed myself, didn't she?† I said, sighing as I relaxed. â€Å"Yes,† Alice admitted, her eyes flashing hard again. â€Å"In her defense, she did believe it. They rely on my sight far too much for something that works so imperfectly. But for her to track him down to tell him this! Didn't she realize or care ?† Her voice faded away in horror. â€Å"And when Edward called here, he thought Jacob meant my funeral,† I realized. It stung to know how close I'd been, just inches away from his voice. My nails dug into Jacob's arm, but he didn't flinch. Alice looked at me strangely. â€Å"You're not upset,† she whispered. â€Å"Well, it's really rotten timing, but it will all get straightened out. The next time he calls, someone will tell him what really† I trailed off. Her gaze strangled the words in my throat. Why was she so panicked? Why was her face twisting now with pity and horror? What was it she had said to Rosalie on the phone just now? Something about what she'd seen and Rosalie's remorse; Rosalie would never feel remorse for anything that happened to me. But if she'd hurt her family, hurt her brother â€Å"Bella,† Alice whispered. â€Å"Edward won't call again. He believed her.† â€Å"I. Don't. Understand.† My mouth framed each word in silence. I couldn't push the air out to actually say the words that would make her explain what that meant. â€Å"He's going to Italy.† It took the length of one heartbeat for me to comprehend. When Edward's voice came back to me now, it was not the perfect imitation of my delusions. It was just the weak, flat tone of my memories. But the words alone were enough to shred through my chest and leave it gaping open. Words from a time when I would have bet everything that I owned or could borrow on that fact that he loved me. Well, I wasn't going to live without you, he'd said as we watched Romeo and Juliet die, here in this very room. But I wasn't sure how to do it I knew Emmett and Jasper would never help so I was thinking maybe I would go to Italy and do something to provoke the Volturi You don't irritate them. Not unless you want to die. Not unless you want to die. â€Å"NO!† The half-shrieked denial was so loud after the whispered words, it made us all jump. I felt the blood rushing to my face as I realized what she'd seen. â€Å"No! No, no, no! He can't! He can't do that!† â€Å"He made up his mind as soon as your friend confirmed that it was too late to save you.† â€Å"But he he left! He didn't want me anymore! What difference does it make now? He knew I would die sometime!† â€Å"I don't think he ever planned to outlive you by long,† Alice said quietly. â€Å"How dare he!† I screamed. I was on my feet now, and Jacob rose uncertainly to put himself between Alice and me again. â€Å"Oh, get out of the way, Jacob!† I elbowed my way around his trembling body with desperate impatience. â€Å"What do we do?† I begged Alice. There had to be something. â€Å"Can't we call him? Can Carlisle?† She was shaking her head. â€Å"That was the first thing I tried. He left his phone in a trash can in Riosomeone answered it† she whispered. â€Å"You said before we had to hurry. Hurry how? Let's do it, whatever it is!† â€Å"Bella, II don't think I can ask you to† She trailed off in indecision. â€Å"Ask me!† I commanded. She put her hands on my shoulders, holding me in place, her fingers flexing sporadically to emphasize her words. â€Å"We may already be too late. I saw him going to the Volturi and asking to die.† We both cringed, and my eyes were suddenly blind. I blinked feverishly at the tears. â€Å"It all depends on what they choose. I can't see that till they make a decision. â€Å"But if they say no, and they mightAro is fond of Carlisle, and wouldn't want to offend himEdward has a backup plan. They're very protective of their city. If Edward does something to upset the peace, he thinks they'll act to stop him. And he's right. They will.† I stared at her with my jaw clenched in frustration. I'd heard nothing yet that would explain why we were still standing here. â€Å"So if they agree to grant his favor, we're too late. If they say no, and he comes up with a plan to offend them quickly enough, we're too late. If he gives into his more theatrical tendencies we might have time.† â€Å"Let's go!† â€Å"Listen, Bella! Whether we are in time or not, we will be in the heart of the Volturi city. I will be considered his accomplice if he is successful. You will be a human who not only knows too much, but also smells too good. There's a very good chance that they will eliminate us allthough in your case it won't be punishment so much as dinnertime.† â€Å"This is what's keeping us here?† I asked in disbelief. â€Å"I'll go alone if you're afraid.† I mentally tabulated what money was left in my account, and wondered if Alice would lend me the rest. â€Å"I'm only afraid of getting you killed.† I snorted in disgust. â€Å"I almost get myself killed on a daily basis! Tell me what I need to do!† â€Å"You write a note to Charlie. I'll call the airlines.† â€Å"Charlie,† I gasped. Not that my presence was protecting him, but could I leave him here alone to face â€Å"I'm not going to let anything happen to Charlie.† Jacob's low voice was gruff and angry. â€Å"Screw the treaty.† I glanced up at him, and he scowled at my panicked expression. â€Å"Hurry, Bella,† Alice interrupted urgently. I ran to the kitchen, yanking the drawers open and throwing the contents all over the floor as I searched for a pen. A smooth, brown hand held one out to me. â€Å"Thanks,† I mumbled, pulling the cap off with my teeth. He silently handed me the pad of paper we wrote phone messages on. I tore off the top sheet and threw it over my shoulder. Dad, I wrote. I'm with Alice. Edward's in trouble. You can ground me when I get back. I know it's a bad time. So sorry. Love you so much. Bella. â€Å"Don't go,† Jacob whispered. The anger was all gone now that Alice was out of sight. I wasn't about to waste time arguing with him. â€Å"Please, please, please take care of Charlie,† I said as I dashed back out to the front room. Alice was waiting in the doorway with a bag over her shoulder. â€Å"Get your walletyou'll need ID. Please tell me you have a passport. I don't have time to forge one.† I nodded and then raced up the stairs, my knees weak with gratitude that my mother had wanted to marry Phil on a beach in Mexico. Of course, like all her plans, it had fallen through. But not before I'd made all the practical arrangements I could for her. I tore through my room. I stuffed my old wallet, a clean T-shirt, and sweatpants into my backpack, and then threw my toothbrush on top. I hurled myself back down the stairs. The sense of deja vu was nearly stifling by this point. At least, unlike the last timewhen I'd run away from Forks to escape thirsty vampires rather than to find themI wouldn't have to say goodbye to Charlie in person. Jacob and Alice were locked in some kind of confrontation in front of the open door, standing so far apart you wouldn't assume at first that they were having a conversation. Neither one seemed to notice my noisy reappearance. â€Å"You might control yourself on occasion, but these leeches you're taking her to† Jacob was furiously accusing her. â€Å"Yes. You're right, dog.† Alice was snarling, too. â€Å"The Volturi are the very essence of our kindthey're the reason your hair stands on end when you smell me. They are the substance of your nightmares, the dread behind your instincts. I'm not unaware of that.† â€Å"And you take her to them like a bottle of wine for a party!† he shouted. â€Å"You think she'd be better off if I left her here alone, with Victoria stalking her?† â€Å"We can handle the redhead.† â€Å"Then why is she still hunting?† Jacob growled, and a shudder rippled through his torso. â€Å"Stop that!† I shouted at them both, wild with impatience. â€Å"Argue when we get back, let's go!† Alice turned for the car, disappearing in her haste. I hurried after her, pausing automatically to turn and lock the door. Jacob caught my arm with a shivering hand. â€Å"Please, Bella. I'm begging.† His dark eyes were glistening with tears. A lump filled my throat. â€Å"Jake, I have to† â€Å"You don't, though. You really don't. You could stay here with me. You could stay alive. For Charlie. For me.† The engine of Carlisle's Mercedes purred; the rhythm of the thrumming spiked when Alice revved it impatiently. I shook my head, tears spattering from my eyes with the sharp motion. I pulled my arm free, and he didn't fight me. â€Å"Don't die, Bella,† he choked out. â€Å"Don't go. Don't.† What if I never saw him again? The thought pushed me past the silent tears; a sob broke out from my chest. I threw my arms around his waist and hugged for one too-short moment, burying my tear-wet face against his chest. He put his big hand on the back of my hair, as if to hold me there. â€Å"Bye, Jake.† I pulled his hand from my hair, and kissed his palm. I couldn't bear to look at his face. â€Å"Sorry,† I whispered. Then I spun and raced for the car. The door on the passenger side was open and waiting. I threw my backpack over the headrest and slid in, slamming the door behind me. â€Å"Take care of Charlie!† I turned to shout out the window, but Jacob was nowhere in sight. As Alice stomped on the gas andwith the tires screeching like human screamsspun us around to face the road, I caught sight of a shred of white near the edge of the trees. A piece of a shoe.